and social practice. For both structuralism and poststructuralism, it is this arbitrariness that marks the essence of language and its relationship to whatever we would call the reality beyond or beneath it. Tzvetan Todorov correctly observes that “arbitrariness is not, for [Ferdinand de] Saussure, merely one of the sign’s various features, but its fundamental characteristic: the arbitrary sign is the sign par excellence.”96 The sharp nominalism of this position resembles that of certain branches
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